Canadian Museum of History

Historical Evolution

The Canadian Museum of History traces its roots to 1856 with the Geological Survey of Canada’s inaugural museum in Montreal. Over time, it evolved through several institutional transformations—National Museum of Man, Canadian Museum of Civilization—before adopting its current name in 2013. It relocated to its present Douglas Cardinal–designed building in Gatineau in 1989. This shift coincided with a updated mandate emphasizing Canadian identity, history, and cultural diversity.

Architectural Landmark & Location

The museum is housed in a striking 75,000 m² postmodern complex, located across from Parliament Hill in Gatineau, Quebec. Its architectural prominence, designed by Douglas Cardinal, makes it both a visual and civic landmark.

Collections & Exhibitions

Boasting more than three million artifacts, documents, photographs, and audiovisual materials—including over one million photographs, 72,000 sound recordings, and 18,000 films—the museum delivers expansive storytelling. Signature spaces include:

• Grand Hall: home to the world’s largest indoor totem pole collection and stunning views of Parliament Hill
• First Peoples Hall: immersive exhibits celebrating Indigenous heritage
• Canadian History Hall: Canada’s most comprehensive narrative of its history
• Canadian Children’s Museum: 3,000 m² of interactive exhibits for children up to 14 years old
• CINÉ+: high-definition 2D and 3D movie theatre experiences

Research, Archives & Digital Outreach

In addition to exhibitions, the museum is a leading center for research in anthropology, ethnology, archaeology, and social history. Its vast collections support ongoing scholarship, and it also operates the Virtual Museum of New France, an award-winning online resource covering early French colonial history.

Visitation & Public Engagement

As Canada’s most-visited museum, it welcomes over 1.2 million visitors annually. The museum is open seven days a week (extended hours on Thursdays), and offers special programming such as immersive exhibitions, educational tours, and evening events.

Final Thoughts

The Canadian Museum of History is much more than a repository—it is a dynamic narrative engine. Through its architectural presence, rich collections, immersive storytelling, and commitment to education and community engagement, it stands as a vital cultural institution that brings Canada’s past to life.