Canadian Museum of Nature
Historical Roots & Mission
The Canadian Museum of Nature originated in 1856 as part of the Geological Survey of Canada and moved to Ottawa in 1881. In 1912, it occupied Canada’s first purpose-built museum building, the Victoria Memorial Museum, a national historic site. The institution became an autonomous Crown corporation and adopted its current name in 1990. Its mandate is to build collections, advance natural-history research, and inspire public understanding and stewardship of nature.
Architecture & Facilities
Housed in a castle-like, Neo-Gothic structure designed by David Ewart, the Victoria Memorial Museum Building was renovated from 2004 to 2010, including the addition of the dramatic glass Queens' Lantern tower and modern expansion with labs, workshops, green roof, and public spaces.
In Gatineau, the Natural Heritage Campus (opened 1997) supports research and collections with secure, climate-controlled “pods,” laboratories, and the National Biodiversity Cryobank using state-of-the-art preservation technologies.
Collections & Research
The museum curates more than 14.6 million specimens of fossils, minerals, plants, and animals—the largest natural-history collections in Canada. Highlights include comprehensive dinosaur exhibits, bird and mammal dioramas, Arctic flora and fauna, and living specimens in Nature Live exhibits. Collections support research in palaeobiology, zoology, earth sciences, and biodiversity discovery.
Library, Archives & Education
An extensive library and archives support scholarship: rare books from the 1500s, roughly 1.5 km of archival records, a nature-art collection, and over 275,000 photographs. Access is by appointment, supporting research into the museum’s history, exhibitions, and the natural world.
Public Engagement & Accessibility
The museum offers modern, engaging exhibitions—dinosaurs to climate change and immersive installations such as The Man Who Planted Trees. Hours vary seasonally, with Thursday evening free access. A range of pricing, including the Canada Strong Pass during summers, ensures accessibility to youth and families.
Final Thoughts
The Canadian Museum of Nature blends architectural grandeur, deep scientific collections, active research, and public outreach. As both a national heritage site and vibrant educational institution, it plays a vital role in fostering ecological understanding and appreciation across generations.
